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衡陽翻譯公司關鍵字：Commercial capital to extract surplus from agriculture as the main channel, the degree of exploitation of the peasants even more than the landlord's rent rates, as described above and with the commercialization of the rural economy to improve and intensified.1 commercial capital of exploitationYan Zhongping [12] summarized five forms of exploitation:The first is to purchase agricultural products from farmers' hands, the use of fraudulent means to obtain the price, quantity up on the cheap currency. For example, in Shandong, Hebei, producing smoke, smoke commercial underestimated, pressure scale, obtained from the commission, payment depreciation coins, and so shift the burden of taxes means that the actual prices farmers received only 70% of the nominal price, and store in Anhui Fengyang Only about 50%.The second is the commercial capital combined with usury, the use of farmers' weaknesses, with the conditions of slavery lend cash, raw materials, commodities or production tools to enable farmers to artificially depress the prices of agricultural products to cover the debt. Such as Nantong, Jiangsu, foreign cotton with the immature "period to buy" in the form of first purchase, the price is less than its estimated market畢業論文翻譯成英語文章 value of 30% to 40%, if calculated according to interest rates, lower prices in more than 50%. Another example is in Maoming, Guangdong, Fairmont, Yangshan, there is a "put Valley Flower", the price of grain assessed by the local businessmen, usually combined market畢業論文翻譯成英語文章 value of 1 / 3. In Maoming by $ 1, 4 months also Valley 4 bucket, valued at more than 2 million; Fairmont, Yangshan many loans in March, June, closed valley, 3 yuan Gu received a load of debt, or about $ 5. Neijiang a "charge Castle", since in the pre-charge and sugar cane farmers (sugar house), phased withdrawal, when the lowest common than the 20% to 25%, if there is no harvest, at least 3 to 4 minutes by average year interest , postponed until next year to pay cane.The third is to pay farmers to sell agricultural goods, are generally very bad quality of goods, "this form of the commodity economy and capitalism generally not developed any specific stage." Such as Sichuan and Shanghai County, Fushun, and some sugarcane to sugar cane and sugar house for every 100 pounds for only 3 pounds of sugar. Jiangsudongtai, when no one is buying pick cotton collection, the cotton farmers for the life force from time to time to take food and cotton by-products, discount flower seeds per picul $ 5, while the previous flower seeds around $ 20 per bear.
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